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CT scans and the risk of cancer - hunt the haunt

26 Fevereiro 2011

A recent article published in Science Magazine has discussed recent concerns that CT scans radiation exposure could lead to cancer. The work of biophysicist David Brenner (Columbia University's Center for Radiological Research Director) has sparked controversy in the field. In a 2001 paper, he tried to weight the risks of radiation exposure in CT scans and found that children that received radiation from a single CT scan had an estimated 1 in 1000 risk of developing a fatal cancer in the future. Although this seems little, given that an average 600,000 abdominal and head CT scans were performed yearly on children by the time of this publication, the predicted number of cancer fatalities possibly linked to CT radiation exposure could reach 500 a year. This conclusion was headlines in all USA and raised angered reactions of many medical physicists and radiologists. One of the main criticisms was that Brenner used Hiroshima bombing data to gauge exposure-risk relation of radiation. However, Brenner said that he used only the data from the bombing survivals that were far enough from the impact point to have received 5-100 millisieverts of radiation, equivalent to 1-2 CT scans. The concerns became stronger after a 2009 report from the National Council on Radiation
Protection and Measurements has issued that, in 2006, CT radiation alone contributed 24% of the U.S. population's radiation
dose. In late 2009, Amy Berrington de González, a radiation epidemiologist at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda,  published a paper in Archives of Internal Medicine estimating that the approximately 70 million scans performed in the United States in 2007 would lead to about 29,000 new
cancers. There's growing pressure to better regulate CT machines, something FDA is considering. Today, due to loosely regulation and low compliance to existing guidelines, CT scans can deliver a wide range of doses for the same regions with the same machine models. Other problem is the excessive CT scanning, linked to malpractice suits protection and profit interests. A 2010 study in the Journal of the American College of Radiology of 284 outpatient CT scans found that 27% “were not considered appropriate.”
CT scans and the risk of cancer - hunt the haunt - February 26, 2011 - fhcflx